JRC雷達磁控管更換經(jīng)驗圖解

雷達的磁控管（Magnetron）是雷達收發(fā)訊機內的發(fā)射部分，它產(chǎn)生超高頻的電磁波，通過(guò)天線(xiàn)發(fā)射出去。磁控管是一種消耗品（有使用壽命）、易老化和消磁。船上應定期檢測雷達磁控管性能（通過(guò)PM test），當磁控管的性能下降或者超過(guò)規定的使用時(shí)間，及時(shí)更換，以免影響雷達的探測能力。

磁控管的更換，通常由岸基專(zhuān)業(yè)的維修人員更換。而疫情期間，維修人員登輪非常的麻煩，無(wú)法到船上維修更換。近期，公司二副張偉濱所在的船舶需要更換磁控管，通過(guò)自己查閱說(shuō)明書(shū)，及廈門(mén)泛海其他船員交流經(jīng)驗，及廠(chǎng)家工程師提供的資料，成功更換JRC型號的雷達磁控管，總結步驟及要點(diǎn)如下：

一、磁控管在哪里？長(cháng)什么樣？
磁控管一般在雷達天線(xiàn)下的SCAN UNIT中，如下圖↓

磁控管，如下圖↓


二、收到磁控管配件時(shí)候注意事項
1. 避免對磁控管直接的震動(dòng)和碰撞，震動(dòng)和碰撞會(huì )損傷磁控管內部器件。
2．不要拉拔引線(xiàn)，這樣可以避免對輸入部分的損壞。
3. 避免任何帶有磁性材料的物品接觸磁控管，因為這樣會(huì )使磁場(chǎng)強度變弱影響性能。
當磁控管從包裝盒里取出以后，請不要儲藏或放在金屬材料的臺子上或者接近帶有磁性或帶有傳導性材料的地方。

三、磁控管更換前，準備工作
1.先開(kāi)機運行，觀(guān)察回波狀況并拍照，以便和更換磁控管后作對比。

2.切斷電源。先在雷達面板上關(guān)機，再將航海儀器配電板上的雷達電源切斷，并掛上禁止使用標識牌。

注意：當更換磁控管時(shí)，確保關(guān)閉主電源，并等待5分鐘以上，讓高壓電流釋放殆盡。防止某些元器件，在斷電后，依舊帶電，導致更換失敗或者觸電。


 

3.根據說(shuō)明書(shū)，準備好拆卸工具。

4.不要戴手表，對講機（VHF）等內含磁性部件的物品，磁控管帶有強磁性，可能會(huì )損壞手表，或者磁性與對講機相互影響。不要用螺絲刀接觸磁控管的磁鐵部分。
5.爬上桅桿，把天線(xiàn)的維修安全開(kāi)關(guān)打到OFF位置。

6.上桅桿，把天線(xiàn)頭打開(kāi)按附圖順序更換。

四、磁控管更換過(guò)程（S波段雷達（大）型號：JMA-9132-SA 磁控管型號：M1555）
1.拆開(kāi)SCANT UNIT 保護罩。

2. 拆卸綠/黃兩根接線(xiàn)，（可用手機拍照，記錄線(xiàn)頭接線(xiàn)位置，避免接錯）。

3. 拆卸磁控管底座8個(gè)M6螺絲（注意，螺絲不要掉落）


4. 小心卸下磁控管

5.換上新的磁控管，注意接對線(xiàn)頭，擰緊螺絲，保持良好接觸。

6.裝回保護罩。（注意密封圈干凈密封，對角上緊扭力120-150kgf/cm2，注意水密避免進(jìn)水）

7.X波段更換與S波段更換類(lèi)似，具體如下圖。



五、磁控管更換后操作：
1. 接通電源，開(kāi)機處于STBY狀態(tài)，不要發(fā)射。給予充足的預熱時(shí)間（大概20-30分鐘）, 然后再發(fā)射檢查回波情況。

2. 更換完磁控管后，根據說(shuō)明書(shū)，進(jìn)行相關(guān)設置。
（回波良好，一般不用做初始化設置，唯一要做的是磁控管發(fā)射時(shí)間，調0處理，具體不同型號，根據說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行操作）

7.1.1 How to Open the Serviceman Menu（Service Man Menu）Procedures
   1)Hold down the Main button at the lower right of the display together with the left key.
  　 The Code Input menu will appear.
   2)Left-click the 0 button.
   3)Left-click the ENT button.

  7.1.2 Tuning (Tune Adjustment)Adjust the tuning control for the transmitter and receiver.The turning control should be adjusted when the system is installed or when the magnetron is replaced.Procedures
1)Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2)Open the Serviceman Menu.
  3)Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune Adjustment menu.
       1.Adjust Menu→
       1.Tune Adjustmenu
    4)Adjust the tune adjustment value so that the tune indicator bar at the upper left of the display is maximized.
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.3 "Increasing or decreasing anumeric value".
5)Move the cursor onto the ENT button, and left-click .

7.1.3.1 Tune Indicator Adjustment)
Set the scale mark when the tune indicator bar reaches the maximum point.Procedures
1)Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2)Open the Serviceman Menu.
    3)Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune Indicator Adjust menu. 
       1.Adjust Menu →
       4.TXRX Adjustmenu→3. Tune Indicator Adjust
4)Adjust the tune indicator adjustment value by operating the  +  / - button so that the tune indicator bar at the upper left of the display reaches a point of 80 to 90% of the maximum.For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.3 "Increasing or decreasing a numeric value".
5)Move the cursor onto the ENT button, and left-click .

  7.1.3.2 Tune Peak AdjustmentAdjust the tune indicator and echo peak.Procedures
1)Set a range of 48 NM or more.
2)Open the Serviceman Menu.
    3)Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Tune Peak Adjustment menu.
       1.Adjust Menu →
       4.TXRX Adjustmenu→2. Tune Peak Adjustment
    4)Adjust the tune peak adjustment value by operating the   +  / -  button so that the tune indicator bar at the upper left of the display is maximized.For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.3 "Increasing or decreasing a numeric value".
5)Move the cursor onto the ENT button, and left-click.

  7.1.4 Bearing Adjustment
Make adjustment so that the bearing of the target measured with the ship’s compass matches the bearing of the target echo on the radar display.Procedures
1)Select H UP for the bearing presentation. Set video processing (PROC) to PROC off
2)Measure the bearing of an adequate target (e.g., a ship at anchor, a breakwater, or a buoy) relative to own ship's heading.
  3)Open the Serviceman Menu.
    4)Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Bearing Adjustment menu.　 
      1.Adjust Menu→
      1.Bearing Adjustmenu
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.3 "Increasing or decreasing a numeric value".Make adjustment by the 0.1°.
5)Adjust the bearing adjustment value by operating the   +  / -  button so that the target measured in step 2) is adjusted to the correct bearing.
6)Left-click the ENT button to determine the value.

  7.1.5Range Adjustment
Make adjustment so that the range of a target on the radar display is shown correctly.Procedures
1)Search the radar display for a target of which range is already known.
  2)Open the Serviceman Menu.
    3)Perform the following menu open procedure to open the Range Adjustment menu.
       1.Adjust Menu→
       1.Range Adjustmenu
For inputs to the value input screen, refer to Section 3.3.4.3 "Increasing or decreasing a numeric value".4)Adjust the range adjustment value by operating the   +  / -  button so that the target measured in step 1) falls in the correct range.
5)Left-click the ENT button to determine the value.

零件使用壽命一覽表